Isifo sesifuba sisifo esibangela ukudumba okungapheliyo (okungapheliyo) kwiindlela zakho zomoya. Ukudumba kuzenza zisabele kwizinto ezithile ezibangela oku, njenge-pollen, umthambo okanye umoya obandayo. Ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwezi zifo, iindlela zakho zomoya ziyancipha (i-bronchospasm), zidumbe zize zizaliswe yi-mucus. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla okanye kukubangele ukuba ukhohlele okanye uphefumle. Ngaphandle konyango, ezi zifo zinokubulala.

Izigidi zabantu eMelika nakwihlabathi liphela zine-asthma. Ingaqala ebuntwaneni okanye ikhule xa umdala. Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-bronchial asthma.

Iintlobo ze-asthma ziquka:

Isifuba esibangelwa kukwalana kwemizimba:xa i-allergies ibangela iimpawu ze-asthma

Isifo sofuba esifana nokukhwehlela:xa uphawu lwakho lwesifuba kuphela kukukhwehlela

Isifuba esibangelwa kukuzilolonga: xa umthambo uvuselela iimpawu zesifuba

Isifuba somntu osebenza emsebenzini:xa izinto oziphefumlayo emsebenzini zibangela ukuba ube nesifo se-asthma okanye zibangele ukuhlaselwa si-asthma

Isifo sokudibana kwe-Asthma-COPD (ACOS):xa une-asthma kunye ne-COPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuvaleka kwemiphunga)

Iimpawu kunye nezizathu

Iimpawu ze-asthma ziquka:

● Ukuphefumla nzima

● Ukuphefumla ngamandla

● Ukuqina kwesifuba, iintlungu okanye uxinzelelo

● Ukukhwehlela

Usenokuba ne-asthma ixesha elininzi (i-asthma engapheliyo). Okanye ungaziva uphilile phakathi kokuhlaselwa yi-asthma (i-asthma engapheliyo).

Izizathu ze-asthma

Iingcali aziqinisekanga ukuba yintoni ebangela isifo sesifuba. Kodwa usenokuba sengozini enkulu ukuba:

● Phila ne-allergies okanye i-eczema (i-atopy)

● Babechanabeke kwiityhefu, umsi okanye umsi osetyenzisiweyo okanye osetyenzisiweyo (intsalela eshiywe emva kokutshaya), ingakumbi kwasebuntwaneni babo

● Unomzali wemvelo one-allergies okanye i-asthma

● Wayeneengxaki zokuphefumla eziphindaphindayo (ezifana ne-RSV) esengumntwana

Izinto ezibangela isifo sombefu

Izinto ezibangela isifo sesifuba yiyo nayiphi na into ebangela iimpawu zesifo sesifuba okanye ezenza zibe mandundu. Usenokuba nesinye okanye ezininzi. Izinto ezibangela isifo sesifuba ziquka:

Iingxaki zokunganyamezelani komzimba: impova, iincukuthu zothuli, i-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya, nezinye izinto ezibangela i-allergen emoyeni

Umoya obandayo:ingakumbi ebusika

Umthambo:ingakumbi umsebenzi womzimba onzima kunye nemidlalo yemozulu ebandayo

Umngundo: nokuba wena'Awuna-allergies

Ukuvezwa emsebenzini:uthuli lwesarha, umgubo, iglu, ilatex, izixhobo zokwakha

Izifo zokuphefumla:umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane kunye nezinye izifo zokuphefumla

Umsi:ukutshaya, umsi osetyenziswa ngumntu wesibini, umsi osetyenziswa ngumntu wesithathu

Uxinzelelo: ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokweemvakalelo

Iikhemikhali okanye amavumba anamandla: iziqholo, ipolishi yeenzipho, izicoci zasekhaya, izihlanzi-moya

Iityhefu emoyeni:ukukhutshwa komoya kwimizi-mveliso, umsi ophuma kwiimoto, umsi womlilo wasendle

Izinto ezibangela isifo se-asthma zinokubangela uhlaselo ngoko nangoko. Okanye kungathatha iiyure okanye iintsuku ukuba uhlaselo luqale emva kokuba uchaphazelekile sisifo.

Uxilongo kunye noVavanyo

Oogqirha bayifumanisa njani i-asthma? Ingcali ye-allergies okanye i-pulmonologist ifumanisa i-asthma ngokubuza ngeempawu zakho nokwenza uvavanyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga. Baza kubuza ngembali yakho yezonyango kunye neyosapho. Kunokuba luncedo ukubazisa ukuba yintoni eyenza iimpawu ze-asthma zibe zimbi ngakumbi kwaye ukuba kukho into ekuncedayo uzive ungcono.

Ugqirha wakho unokufumanisa ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani aze akhuphe ezinye iimeko ezinje:

Uvavanyo lwegazi olubangelwa kukwaliwa okanye ulusu:Ezi zinokumisela ukuba ngaba kukho i-allergy ebangela iimpawu zakho ze-asthma.

Ubalo lwegazi: Ababoneleli ngeenkonzo banokujonga amanqanaba eosinophil kunye ne-immunoglobulin E (IgE) baze bajolise kuwo kunyango ukubaziphezulu. Ii-Eosinophils kunye ne-IgE zinokuphakama kwiintlobo ezithile zesifuba.

I-Spirometry:Olu luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga olulinganisa indlela umoya ohamba ngayo kwimiphunga yakho.

Ii-X-ray zesifuba okanye ii-CT scans: Ezi zinokunceda umboneleli wakho ukuba ajonge izizathu zeempawu zakho.

Isixhobo sokulinganisa ukuhamba kwamanzi esibizwa ngokuba yi-peak flow meter:Oku kunokulinganisa ukuba iindlela zakho zomoya zithintelwe kangakanani ngexesha lemisebenzi ethile.

Ulawulo kunye noNyango

Yeyiphi indlela engcono yokulawula i-asthma? Eyona ndlela ingcono yokulawula i-asthma kukuphepha naziphi na izinto ezaziwayo ezibangela esi sifo kwaye usebenzise amayeza ukugcina iindlela zakho zomoya zivulekile. Ugqirha wakho angakunika oku kulandelayo:

Izinto zokuphefumla ezigcina ulusu:Ezi zihlala ziqulathe ii-steroids ezifuthwayo ezinciphisa ukudumba. Ngamanye amaxesha, zidityaniswe neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-bronchodilators (amayeza avula indlela yakho yomoya).

Isixhobo sokufunxa inhaler:Ii-inhalers ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza "zokusindisa" zinokunceda ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba. Zine-bronchodilator evula ngokukhawuleza iindlela zakho zomoya, njenge-albuterol.

I-nebulizer:Ii-nebulizers zitshiza inkungu encinci yamayeza ngemaski ebusweni bakho. Ungasebenzisa i-nebulizer endaweni ye-inhaler kwamanye amayeza.

Izilungisi zeLeukotriene:Ugqirha wakho angakunika ipilisi yemihla ngemihla ukunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ze-asthma kunye nomngcipheko wakho wokuhlaselwa yi-asthma.

Iisteroids zomlomo:Ugqirha wakho angakunika ikhosi emfutshane yee-steroids zomlomo ukuze uqandusele.

Unyango lwebhayoloji: Unyango olufana nee-antibodies ze-monoclonal lunokunceda isifo sombefu esiqatha.

I-thermoplasty ye-bronchial:Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi, ugqirha wakho angacebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-bronchial thermoplasty. Kule nkqubo, ingcali ye-pulmonologist isebenzisa ubushushu ukunciphisa izihlunu ezijikeleze indlela yakho yomoya.

Isicwangciso sokusebenza kwe-asthma

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uza kusebenzisana nawe ukwenza isicwangciso sokusebenza ngesifo sesifuba. Esi sicwangciso sikuxelela indlela kunye nexesha lokusebenzisa amayeza akho. Sikwakuxelela nokuba wenze ntoni xa uneempawu ezithile kunye nexesha lokufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Cela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba akubonise indlela oza kuyisebenzisa ngayo.